The Complete Guide to Covered Calls: When to Use Them and When to Avoid
If you own stocks, covered calls are one of the easiest ways to generate extra income from positions you'd hold anyway.
## What Is a Covered Call?A covered call means you own 100 shares of a stock and sell a call option against those shares to collect premium.
## The Income MechanicsYou collect the premium immediately when you sell the call. This is yours to keep regardless of what happens.
## Choosing the Right StrikeThe strike price is typically set at or just above the current stock price (ATM or slightly OTM).
## Managing Early Assignment RiskThe risk of early assignment is highest with quarterly expiration cycles around ex-dividend dates.
## When Covered Calls Don't Make SenseCovered calls don't make sense when you own a highly volatile stock that could gap up significantly at any time.
## Getting Started: Your First Covered CallPick a stock you already own and wouldn't mind selling at a price slightly above current levels.
Frequently Asked Questions
Q: Does the wheel strategy work in a bear market?
A: The wheel strategy performs best in sideways to slightly bullish markets. In a prolonged bear market, you'll be assigned more often. However, assigned stocks at good prices can recover when the market turns. Key is position sizing and only wheel stocks you'd want to own long-term.
Q: How much money do I need to start the wheel strategy?
A: You need enough capital to cover the strike price of 100 shares. For a $50 stock, you'd need $5,000 in your account to sell one cash secured put. Many brokers allow portfolio margin which can reduce this requirement significantly.
Q: What happens if I'm assigned on a wheel trade?
A: Being assigned means you now own the stock at your strike price. This is not a loss โ it's a transition. You can then sell covered calls against the stock to generate additional income while waiting for it to recover or reach your target exit price.
Q: Should I check my wheel positions every day?
A: Checking daily is unnecessary and can cause anxiety-driven decisions. Weekly reviews are sufficient. Set alert prices for when you need to take action (e.g., stock drops 20%, or premium doubles in value), and otherwise let the position breathe.
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